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Noble Energy, Inc., formerly Noble Affiliates, Inc., is a Houston, Texas oil and natural gas exploration and production company with almost US$3 billion in revenue at #660 on the 2007 Fortune 1000 list of the largest American companies. In 1985, Noble Affiliates spun off its subsidiary Noble Drilling Corporation to shareholders, and that company in turn went public by the early 1990s, and then became Noble Corporation, an S&P 500 company.〔 〕 In South America, the company operates in the Falkland Islands and Nicaragua. In Africa, Noble Energy operates in Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon. It operates in the Mediterranean Sea, in Israel and Cyprus. It also has an office in China.〔 Noble was headquartered in the Greenspoint district up till 2012. As of 2013 the Headquarters are located at 1001 Noble Energy Way (at the intersection of Texas State Highway 249 and Louetta Road) adjacent to the Lone Star College-University Park. The Greenspoint offices are still operational and will be gradually moved to the new Headquarters. The move is expected to be finalized in 2015. ==History== In 1932 Noble Energy, Inc. began as Samedan Oil Corporation in southern Oklahoma, an explorer of crude oil and natural gas founded by Lloyd Noble, in Ardmore, Oklahoma.〔 By the 1970s, the company became a parent holding company named Noble Affiliates Inc., with three subsidiary business lines, the original oil and gas explorer Samedan Oil Corporation, a drilling company Noble Drilling Corporation, and a trucking company B. F. Walker.〔 In 1972, Noble Affiliates first became publicly traded.〔 Noble Affiliates was among the first independent producers to explore offshore in the Gulf of Mexico, where it also operates onshore.〔 In 1980, Noble Affiliates was first listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol NBL.〔 Throughout the long bear market of the 1970s, Noble Affiliates did extremely well, as its stock price multiplied by over 29 times from its low, and split two-for-one in 1981. It had begun paying a cash dividend to shareholders in 1975, which it has continued for every year since. It earned nearly US$82 million in 1981, although it carried a long-term debt of nearly US$100 million by then. But as the early 1980s progressed, the stock settled back down to half of its earlier record peak price, as earnings steadily declined each year, until by 1985 the company was operating at a loss.〔Standard & Poor's Stock Guide, various issues〕 In cost-saving measures, in 1984, Noble Affiliates sold the B. F. Walker trucking company, and in 1985 it spun off Noble Drilling Corporation to shareholders.〔 In 1986, Noble Affiliates reached a peak loss for that decade, of over US$63 million, and long-term debt had grown by then to US$285 million. The stock price plunged to less than 25% of its 1970s peak price.〔 However, by 1987, the company had recovered to marginal profitability of US$6 million, and the stock price nearly doubled off its lows of the prior year.〔 In the late 1980s Noble Affiliates raised some cash by issuing an additional 15% of its common shares outstanding in its struggle to remain profitable and to keep debt down. By 1995, the long-term debt had grown to nearly US$380 million, but the company had grown enough that it was added to the S&P MidCap 400 index by then. Earnings had fared well through the 1990-1991 recession, but were again in decline after, so that by 1995 the company was again facing a marginal loss. The stock price nearly set a new all-time high in 1994, but by the end of 1995 it was still trading at one third below its 1970s peak price.〔 In 1996, Noble Affiliates stock finally reached an all-time high, for the first time in well over a decade, although earnings remained marginal and still in the low millions for those years of the mid-1990s.〔 In October 2000, Charles Davidson became president and CEO of Noble Affiliates, Inc. Also that month the company moved from Ardmore, Oklahoma to Houston, Texas.〔 By April 2002 Noble Affiliates, Inc. had diversified into methanol production, and changed its name to Noble Energy, Inc.〔 By 2004, Noble Energy's reserves, including offshore, had grown over fourfold since the late 1970s. It also discovered the major Mari-B reserve in offshore Israel, that country's first significant hydrocarbon resource.〔 In 2014, it was announced that in October of that year Noble Energy would establish a center to train technicians in the energy and natural gas industry at Ruppin Academic Center in Israel with a grant of NIS 12 million.〔("Noble Energy donates NIS 12m to Ruppin College; With the funds Ruppin College will set up a center to train energy industry employees" ), ''Globes'', February 24, 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Noble Energy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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